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LIVER BIOMARKER

AST

Aspartate Aminotransferase

The optimal range for AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase) is commonly cited as <25 U/L, tighter than the standard lab reference range of 8–48 U/L. Companion liver enzyme to ALT - also rises with muscle damage. AST/ALT ratio gives etiology hints.

STANDARD RANGE
8–48 U/L
OPTIMAL (OPTIMIZATION)
<25 U/L
RANGE VISUALIZATION

How AST ranges relate

The standard lab range vs the optimization-focused target. Illustrative trajectory shows what a 12-week improvement pattern looks like — not real user data.

848STANDARD LAB RANGEOPTIMALWK 0WK 12ILLUSTRATIVE TRAJECTORY (NOT REAL DATA)
Standard lab rangeOptimization-focused targetIllustrative trajectory

What AST Measures

AST is structurally related to ALT but found in more tissues (liver, heart, skeletal muscle, kidney, brain). Like ALT, it rises with hepatocyte damage but also rises with intense exercise (muscle release) - which can confuse interpretation in athletic users.

The AST/ALT ratio offers etiology hints: ratio >2 with elevation suggests alcohol or muscle origin; ratio <1 with elevation typically suggests viral hepatitis or NAFLD. In normal-range scenarios, the ratio is less informative.

What Affects This Biomarker

AST is influenced by: liver function, recent intense exercise (muscle release - can elevate AST 2–3× transiently), alcohol intake, muscle injury, statins (occasional rise), hemolysis (can falsely elevate), and most things that affect ALT.

In the Context of Peptide Protocols

Always interpret with ALT in context. If AST > ALT and the user trains intensely, repeat draw 3–5 days post-rest before assuming liver issue. On GLP-1s expect AST + ALT to fall together. On GH protocols, AST can rise transiently with intense training cycles - not a liver problem per se.

Peptides That Commonly Move AST

Semaglutide
GLP-1
Tirzepatide
GLP-1
Retatrutide
GLP-1

Frequently Asked Questions

What does AST measure?

AST is structurally related to ALT but found in more tissues (liver, heart, skeletal muscle, kidney, brain). Like ALT, it rises with hepatocyte damage but also rises with intense exercise (muscle release) - which can confuse interpretation in athletic users.

What is the optimal range for AST?

The optimal range for AST is commonly cited as <25 U/L. The standard lab reference range is 8–48 U/L.

What affects AST levels?

AST is influenced by: liver function, recent intense exercise (muscle release - can elevate AST 2–3× transiently), alcohol intake, muscle injury, statins (occasional rise), hemolysis (can falsely elevate), and most things that affect ALT.

Where This Fits in Your Panel

AST is one marker on a fuller panel. The Peptide Blood Work Checklist lays out the complete baseline panel, what to add by protocol type, and when to retest.

See the full blood work checklist →
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Last reviewed: June 2026

Informational only - not medical advice. Reference ranges vary by lab and individual context. Work with a licensed provider to interpret your specific results.