MOTS-c
Mitochondrially-encoded peptide studied for metabolic and exercise-capacity effects.
16 residues· First described 2015
Mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded within 12S rRNA
Overview
MOTS-c is a peptide encoded in the mitochondrial genome (unusual - most peptides are nuclear-encoded) that functions as a metabolic regulator. Research has shown effects on insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, and exercise capacity. It's been called an "exercise mimetic" in research contexts, though the effect magnitude in humans is unclear.
MOTS-c is earlier in its research lifecycle than most peptides tracked here. Clinical trial data in humans is limited, and dosing guidance from the research literature doesn't always translate to optimization use. Still, it's increasingly included in longevity and metabolic stacks.
Users should track HbA1c, fasting insulin, and functional exercise metrics (VO2 max if available from Apple Watch / lab testing). Because the mechanism is metabolic, benefit is often slow and data-dependent.
Mechanism of Action
MOTS-c activates AMPK, the cellular energy sensor, which increases glucose uptake, improves insulin sensitivity, and shifts metabolism toward fatty-acid oxidation. It also moves from mitochondria to the nucleus under metabolic stress where it regulates nuclear gene expression.
Community Usage Patterns
Research protocols have used 5–10 mg SC once or twice weekly for 4–12 week cycles. Dosing in optimization use is extrapolated and varies. Best paired with exercise for synergistic metabolic effect. Track insulin sensitivity markers and exercise performance metrics.
Education only - not medical advice. Any protocol change should involve your licensed provider.
Biomarkers to Track
When running MOTS-c, these are the biomarkers most commonly tracked to assess response and safety:
Reconstitution Calculator
Free calculator for MOTS-c reconstitution math - vial size, BAC water volume, and exact syringe units.
Open MOTS-c calculator →Side Effects & Monitoring
What MOTS-c side effects are commonly reported, when they appear, the red flags worth a provider call, and the biomarkers that catch issues early.
MOTS-c side effects & what to track →Results & What to Track
What MOTS-c results actually look like in the data - the markers to measure, when they tend to move, and how to tell a real result from placebo.
MOTS-c results & how to measure them →Related Reading
Related Peptides
Conditions MOTS-c is Commonly Researched For
Log doses, upload your lab PDFs, and let StackAI read your panel in context of what you're actually running. Free to start.
Start tracking →This page is informational and does not constitute medical advice. MyProtocolStack is a tracking and education platform. Work with a licensed provider before starting, changing, or stopping any protocol.